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Naples is the capital of Campania and the largest city in southern Italy, spread around a wide bay beneath Mount Vesuvius. Founded by Greek settlers as Parthenope and refounded as Neapolis, it is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, and it later served as the capital of the Kingdom of Naples and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies until 1861.
Its historic center, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, still follows the grid of the Greek city, with narrow streets packed with churches, palaces, workshops and pizzerias. Naples is a capital of Baroque art and the home of pizza, and museums such as the National Archaeological Museum and Capodimonte hold some of the finest collections in Italy.
From the waterfront castles, ferries cross to Capri, Ischia and Procida, while trains run around the bay to the buried Roman towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum and to the slopes of Vesuvius.
Naples Cathedral, dedicated to the Assumption and known as the Cathedral of San Gennaro, is the main church of Naples, built in Gothic style in the late 13th and early 14th centuries. Its Treasure Chapel holds frescoes by Domenichino and Lanfranco, and its crypt reveals Greek and Roman remains.
Spaccanapoli is the long, narrow street that cuts straight through the historic center of Naples, following the lower main road of the ancient Greek city of Neapolis. Lined with churches, palaces and shops, it passes the Gesù Nuovo and Santa Chiara and is the liveliest walk in the old town.
The Cappella Sansevero is a small chapel in the historic center of Naples, founded in 1590 and given its final form by Raimondo di Sangro, Prince of Sansevero, in the 18th century. It holds almost thirty Rococo works, above all the Veiled Christ carved in marble by Giuseppe Sanmartino in 1753.
Via San Gregorio Armeno is a narrow street in the historic center of Naples famous for its workshops making nativity figures, busiest before Christmas. It follows an ancient Greek cross street linking the two main roads of the old city, and the church of San Gregorio Armeno stands halfway along.
The National Archaeological Museum of Naples holds one of the world's great collections of Greek and Roman antiquities, in a building raised in 1585 as a cavalry barracks. Its highlights include the Farnese Marbles and the frescoes, mosaics and objects from Pompeii and Herculaneum.
The Royal Palace of Naples faces Piazza del Plebiscito, built from 1600 by Domenico Fontana for the Spanish viceroys and later the main residence of the Bourbon kings. Its western half is a museum of royal apartments with a grand staircase and chapel, and the National Library fills its eastern half.
Castel Nuovo, also called the Maschio Angioino, is a massive medieval castle facing Piazza Municipio in central Naples, first built in 1279 for Charles I of Anjou. It was a royal seat of the kings of Naples until 1815, and today it houses the civic museum, including its Palatine Chapel.
Castel dell'Ovo is the oldest castle in Naples, standing on the former island of Megaride on the seafront between the San Ferdinando and Chiaia districts. Its name comes from a legend that the poet Virgil hid a magic egg in its foundations, and its terraces look out over the Gulf of Naples.
Pompeii, southeast of Naples, is the Roman town buried under volcanic ash and pumice in the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD. Its streets, houses, frescoes and plaster casts of the victims give a unique snapshot of Roman life, frozen at the moment the town was buried.
Herculaneum is the Roman seaside town in modern Ercolano, near Naples, buried by a pyroclastic flow from Vesuvius in 79 AD. Smaller and wealthier than Pompeii, it preserves wooden roofs, doors and furniture, and the boat houses where the remains of at least 300 people were found.
Mount Vesuvius is the volcano rising about 9 kilometers east of Naples, whose eruption in 79 AD destroyed Pompeii and Herculaneum. It is the only volcano on mainland Europe to have erupted in the last hundred years, and a path climbs to its crater rim for views over the Bay of Naples.
Capri is a limestone island off the Sorrento Peninsula in the Gulf of Naples, reached by ferry from the city and a resort since Roman times. Visitors come for the Blue Grotto, the Faraglioni sea stacks, the ruins of the imperial Villa Jovis and the views from Monte Solaro above Anacapri.
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